Stove



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G. EHESS.

MOVE.l

No. 247,991. Patented out. 4,1881.-

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEOEGE H. Hass, OE oHIoAGo, ILLINOIS.

STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming 'part ef Letters PatentNo. 247,991, dated october 4, 1881;

i A Application led January 3, 1878.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE H. Hass, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Camp, Cook, and Laundry Stoves; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of vthe same, which,taken in connection with thev wherever used.

lar non-conductorof heat and with a removable ire-basket5 and I am also aware that a stove h-as been constructed with a re-pot adhering to one of the walls, a circulatory chamber, and a low-down-ue outlet. I am also aware that a hot-air furnace has been constructed with a tire-pot set within a chamber having a lowdown-line outlet, said lire-pot be-v ing unconnected-with the wall of said cham ber, except at its base and by a metallic box or chute secured to the upper edge of snid tirepot -and to the wall as a passage for the introduction of fuel, and a surrounding space through which a current of air was caused to pass to .an upperapartment and absorb heat from the wall ofthe fire-chamber and prevent radiation into the outer atmosphere; but neither of these stoves embraced my invention, nor was capable of exercising its functions, except in part and detachedly. The former had no circulating-chamber nor low-doWn-iue outlet. The detachment of the fire-pot was only partial and incidental to make it readily removable. In the second and third the circulation was impeded by the lire-pot adherent tothe wall. Heat was transmitted by contact to and through the wall, and the Wall itself was not protected by any non-conducting medium.

Each of these defects is remedied in my stove; and my invention therefore consists in a circulatory 'chamber having a top perforated for cooking utensils and with non-heatconducting walls to receive the hot air and products of combustion from au open irepot in one part of said chamber and entirely detached from the Wall thereof, and permit said hot products to circulate and stratify, so as to part with the largest possible proportion of its heat before escaping into the tine-outlet located below said lire-pot and only capable of taking away the cooler part of said products. When, therefore, the word chamber occurs herein, it is to be understood, as above indicated, in conp vtradislinction to flue, in which no circulation or stratication can occur.

It also consists in a stove provided with a chamber, as described above, having a detached tire-pot and low-down-tlue, provided with asurroundin g no'n-heaticonductin gj acket,

The tire-pot C is entirely detached from the 85 Wallof the chamber B, for the purpose of making said wall practically of uniform temperature'` all around, as it would not be if heat were transmitted 'directly by contact from the lirepot to the Wall of the chamber. The tire-pot or basket (l is made removable, and is provided with a suitable support or seating above the Iloor of the chamber B, and immediately over the warmingcloset A, so that whenever occasion may require said lire-pot may be lifted out ofthe stove entirely.

The top of the heating-chamber is provided with suitable holes for cooking purposes. The case containing the oven O, when in use, is placed upon the one farthest from the fire-pot. This oven O is also surrounded by double walls, forming a dead-air space, Q.v Hinged to the lower portion of the oven 0 is a iiap or gate, E, extending down into the heating-chamber.

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As the heat passes toward the outlet D it encounters this flap or gate, and is caused to pass upward and around the oven O through the space F,bet\veen the oven and the outerdouble wall, and thence down the other side of the gate or flap E toward the outlet D.

The oven O may be provided with suitable shelves, o', for cooking purposes. At either side of the top ofthe heating-chamberare semicircular extensions for convenience in placing utensils, &c., as shown in Fig. 4.

The object of my invention is to obtain all the heat contained in fuel, and to retain the same within the stove until absorbed by the food, and preventing its passage with the smoke or vapor beyond reach, thus economizing in fuel, producing more perfect combustion of the carbon that otherwise would pass away with the smoke. rlhc hottest portions of theproductsot' combustion will pass quickly to the highest portion of the chamber, and they will be held there until they have parted with the heat contained in them, and as they become cooler they fall to the bottom along with the heavier gases and the smoke and vapor, their places being constantly supplied by the hottest portions rising from the re. The air within this chamber, finding its level as readily as water and lying in strata, is always hottest at the top, and each stratum below being cooler than its neighbor above. By having a volume of heated, air above the lire-pot and lling the chamber, in combination with the escape for vapor and smoke a-t the lowest part of the chamber, the combustion goes on slowly and controls itself automatically. When the heat is not taken away or absorbed by the food it checks the draft by the force of the expanding air from within the chamber, and as the heat is drawn away, thereby making the chamber cooler, the fire burns more freely.

rlhe double sides to the chamber and the oven form a dead-air space entirely around the same and prevent radiation, confining the heat to the work to be done, and at the same time keeping the cook-room cool.

If desirable, the space between the double sides or jacket of either the stove or oven may be filled with asbestus or any other tire-proof or non-conducting substance.

The walls are constructed double to prevent a rapid conduction of heat from the hot interior to the outer air, and it is evident this object is in a great measure defeated when the iircpot is in contact with or forms of itself one ot' the walls of the lire-chamber, because the wall so in contact will be much more strongly heated than either of the other walls.

The advantage of the detached tire-pot in connection with non-conducting walls is manifest. By placing the oven on the top of the stove or heating-chamber it not only receives but is constantly enveloped in the hottest portions of the heat produced, the cooler portions being at the lower part of the chamber. By aid of the flap or gate and its continuation the current of heat is not only turned around the oven, but because the flap becomes a barrier to the horizontal flow of the hotter portion of the products of combustion in the hot chamber B, those portions thathave become cooler by parting with their heat are not prevented from dropping down into the chamber until they can reach the outlet at the bottom, thus forming an easy and natural circuit.

With this arrangement of heating chamber and oven the heat can pass around the oven without much smoke or unburned gas, thus making the oven far more effective than can otherwise be attained.

In lieu of the ap being hinged to the oven, as shown, it may be placed in the chamber; but I prefer to hinge it to the oven, as in that case it will be removed with the oven.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Acamp,cook,orlaundrystoveconstructed with a perforated top for cooking utensils and a chamber, as described, having a non-heatconducting wall around its sides, and at one end a fire-pot entirely detached from the wall of the chamber except at its base, and a iiueoutlet below the top of said iire-pot at another part, whereby the hot air and products of combastion are permitted to circulate against the wall ofthe chamber all around and stratify, the cooler portion only escaping at its flueoutlet.

2. In combination, a camp, cook, and laundry stove provided with a metal base, which ineloses a warming-closet, A, a combustion-chamber, B, above said closet, and an ash-pit projecting into said closet, a fire-pot detached from the chamber- Walls, a perforated cover, and a smoke-outlet below the top of the lirepot, as set forth.

3. The combination of chamber B, having at one end a lire-pot detached from the chamber-walls and a smoke outlet below said repot, and double walls with dead-air space forming a non-conducting wall surrounding said chamber, whereby the heat of the fire is not transmitted directly to the surrounding air.

GEO. H. HESS.

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